Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Focal retrograde amnesia: voxel-based morphometry findings in a case without MRI lesions. Sehm B, Frisch S, Thöne-Otto A, Horstmann A, Villringer A, Obrig H. Classic and recent advances in understanding amnesia. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.015Īmerican Psychological Association. The nature of anterograde and retrograde memory impairment after damage to the medial temporal lobe. Smith CN, Frascino JC, Hopkins RO, Squire LR. Traumatic brain injury (TBI): Damage to the brain due to stroke, injury, or other causes can lead to memory loss.Seizures: Seizures due to epilepsy or other causes can also damage areas of the brain associated with memory.People with Korsakoff's syndrome experience symptoms of retrograde amnesia caused by decreased hippocampal volume. Nutritional deficiencies: Excessive, chronic alcohol intake can lead to a thiamine (B12) deficiency called Korsakoff's syndrome.Infections: Brain infections such as encephalitis can sometimes cause retrograde amnesia.It may improve with time, but some people experience persistent memory gaps. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): ECT is a treatment for depression and other psychiatric conditions that involves inducing a seizure with a brief electrical current.Disease: Progressive conditions such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and multiple sclerosis may lead to symptoms of retrograde amnesia.Cardiac arrest: A heart attack can lead to a temporary lack of oxygen to the brain, which may lead to retrograde amnesia, other cognitive problems, or brain damage.Although, I can still remember implicit memories like tying my shoes and riding a bike because these memories processed in the cerebellum are not effected by this type of amnesia. The only information I have on those two weeks is what my parents and friends have told me. Although I can remember episodic memories from my past, I have a two-week gap in my memory. Because of this amnesia, it predicted that my recovery would be slower. These episodic memories from two weeks prior seem to be permanently lost. I cannot remember two weeks prior to the incident, although sometimes I remember bits and pieces of the information since the injury. This concussion was more severe than my previous one, and all I remember is falling to the ground. These memories are not impacted in retrograde amnesia.Īfter my second concussion in soccer, I experienced retrograde amnesia. Implicit memories can be procedural, meaning they are memories that are not consciously recalled and are produced indirectly. These explicit memories requires a conscious effort to retrieve, so people with retrograde amnesia cannot access certain parts of this memory. These lost explicit memories are usually episodic. These memories are called explicit memories. Explicit memories are memories that are declarative, because you can consciously recall and explain the information. The memory loss involves forgetting facts rather than skills. This means that over time, the amnesia could fade out, stay the same, or get worse. Also, retrograde amnesia can be temporary, permanent or progressive. Although there is a loss in previous memory, the person still has the ability to create new memories. This damage can be due to a traumatic brain injury, illness, seizure, stroke or degenerative brain disease. The severity of this amnesia is dependent on the severity of the damage in the brain. This damage would be found in areas other than the hippocampus, because this part of the brain is involved in encoding new memories. Retrograde amnesia is the loss of memory from the past, due to some type of trauma in the brain.
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